Graft-versus-host disease (allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation-associated GVHD) is a major immune-mediated complication of allo-HSCT in which donor immune cells attack host tissues, and it remains a central research focus because it must be balanced against graft-versus-leukaemia effects. Engineered regulatory T cells (engineered regulatory t cells) have shown in vivo reversal of GVHD in preclinical testing, highlighting a cell-therapy mechanism aimed at restoring immune tolerance. Preventive strategies also include posttransplant cyclophosphamide (posttransplant cyclophosphamide), which was used with sirolimus (sirolimus) and VIC-1911 (vic 1911) to reduce GVHD after transplantation. Recent literature emphasizes GVHD as both a transplant complication and a therapeutic target, with studies exploring prophylaxis after myeloablative allo-HCT and broader immune interactions in AML transplantation. The key fact that reversal was demonstrated in vivo underscores that GVHD can be modulated experimentally rather than only prevented. Overall, current advances span prophylaxis, immune reprogramming, and preservation of graft-versus-leukaemia activity.
Transplantation / allo-HSCT
- GVHD is a major immune complication in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, discussed alongside graft-versus-leukaemia in AML settings. (PMID:41622937)
- The disease remains a central target in allo-HSCT research because interventions must control GVHD without abolishing anti-leukaemia effects. (PMID:41622937)
- A 2026 Blood Advances study evaluated Aurora kinase A targeting to prevent GVHD and relapse after myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. (PMID:41592279)
Prevention / prophylaxis
- Posttransplant cyclophosphamide (posttransplant cyclophosphamide) was used for GVHD prophylaxis after transplantation. (PMID:41592279)
- Sirolimus (sirolimus) was combined with PTCy and VIC-1911 (vic 1911) in a regimen aimed at preventing GVHD. (PMID:41592279)
- The PTCy/sirolimus/VIC-1911 combination was specifically described as targeting transplant complications, including GVHD, after allo-HCT. (PMID:41592279)
Cellular therapy / immune tolerance
- Engineered regulatory T cells (engineered regulatory t cells) showed in vivo reversal of graft-versus-host disease in preclinical testing. (PMID:41832599)
- The reported reversal was a functional preclinical outcome, supporting Treg-based immune modulation as a therapeutic strategy. (PMID:41832599)
- Preclinical efficacy and safety assessment of engineered regulatory T cells was published in Molecular Therapy in 2026, with GVHD reversal noted among the in vivo findings. (PMID:41832599)