EGFR

Byaibio

EGFR, the epidermal growth factor receptor, is a cell-surface receptor tyrosine kinase that drives growth-factor signaling and is a major therapeutic target in oncology. It is especially important in glioblastoma and metabolic associated fatty liver disease, and it is also used as an eligibility biomarker in non small cell lung cancer populations with activating mutations such as exon 19 deletion or L858R. In EGFR-mutant lung cancer, the receptor is central to resistance biology and to treatment with EGFR-targeted agents, including third-generation inhibitors and the phase III rezivertinib study in CNS metastasis. Beyond cancer, EGFR signaling has been implicated in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, MAFLD prevention, and lifespan/healthspan modulation in C. elegans. Recent studies also highlight engineered EGFR-directed modalities, including a bispecific antibody with superior receptor occupancy and degradation, and EGFR-targeted delivery platforms such as mRNA lipid nanoparticles and nanobody-functionalized carriers.

Cancer

  • EGFR alterations were identified as critical biomarkers in glioblastoma, supporting its role in molecular stratification of this disease. (PMID:41577209)
  • In EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer, mutation status was used during screening to define the enrolled population, with key activating variants including exon 19 deletion and L858R. (PMID:41924561)
  • A 2026 review on EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer highlighted EGFR as the central target in acquired resistance to third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. (PMID:41730505)
  • The phase III REZOR study reported CNS efficacy of rezivertinib in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer patients with central nervous system metastasis. (PMID:41924561)
  • EGFR-expressing tumor cells showed enhanced cetuximab-induced ADCC after ST3GAL1 silencing, supporting immune-sensitizing strategies around EGFR. (PMID:41961075)

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy

  • The bispecific antibody IBI334 binds EGFR and showed superior occupancy, ligand blocking, receptor degradation, and downstream signaling suppression in solid tumors. (PMID:41735305)
  • A tumor-selective anti-EGFR/anti-CD3 bispecific T cell engager was used to stimulate human tumor slices, indicating EGFR as an actionable immune-engagement target. (PMID:41459935)
  • EGFR inhibitors were discussed as targeted therapies, with differential sensitivity linked to JMJD6 expression. (PMID:41849021)
  • Dapagliflozin was reported to modulate EGFR signaling in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, linking EGFR pathway control to non-oncologic tissue protection. (PMID:41644044)

Delivery and targeting platforms

  • EGFR served as a target receptor for active targeting of an mRNA-LNP platform, enabling selective delivery to EGFR-positive cells. (PMID:41885077)
  • Nanobody 9G8 was functionalized for EGFR targeting in lipid nanoparticle delivery systems. (PMID:41885077)
  • GPNMB bound endothelial EGFR, causing CBL-mediated ubiquitination and degradation and attenuating EGFR signaling in a brain metastasis context. (PMID:41973996)

Metabolic and other disease areas

  • Hepatic EGFR was identified as the main target of Liupao tea polyphenol extract in preventing MAFLD, with the mechanism mapped to the hepatic EGFR-AKT pathway. (PMID:41632836)
  • Bisdemethoxycurcumin was identified as a key EGFR-linked target in a lifespan and healthspan study in Caenorhabditis elegans. (PMID:41804763)
  • EGFR signaling was also described as a pathway modulated by dapagliflozin, extending its relevance beyond cancer biology. (PMID:41644044)