anti-PD-1
Anti-PD-1 therapy is an pd 1-axis immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy that blocks the PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint to restore antitumor immunity, and it is highlighted here as a triple-combination component. It is used across multiple cancer settings, including immune-checkpoint-refractory lung cancer, microsatellite-stable gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, bladder cancer, colorectal cancer, dMMR colorectal cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. Recent studies show improved efficacy when combined with fecal microbiota transplantation, BGJ398, artemisinin, AAV-ImmunAct, fpPRPS, or Mettl8 inhibition, and one phase I study reported feasibility and safety for refractory microsatellite-stable gastric cancer. Mechanistically, resistance or response has been linked to KSR2-driven metabolic reprogramming, ZNF737-CXCL10-mediated immune exclusion, DDR1-associated immune evasion, and biomarker signatures from an integrated multi-omics platform. The literature also reports enhanced CD8+ T-cell responses, including synergy with fpPRPS, and improved tumor control in preclinical models. Overall, anti-PD-1 remains a central checkpoint blockade strategy with growing evidence for rational combinations and resistance biomarkers.
Cancer
- immune checkpoint refractory lung cancer showed superior efficacy with a triple combination including anti-PD-1 therapy. (PMID:41651398)
- microsatellite stable gastric cancer was treated in a phase I feasibility and safety study combining fecal microbiota transplantation with anti-PD-1 therapy. (PMID:41871875)
- hepatocellular carcinoma studies identified biomarkers linked to checkpoint inhibitor resistance and evaluated sensitization to anti-PD-1 therapy. (PMID:41984188, PMID:41786278)
- bladder cancer resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy was driven by the ZNF737-CXCL10 axis. (PMID:41785601)
Colorectal cancer and biomarkers
- colorectal cancer mouse models showed antitumor effects when anti-PD-1 therapy was combined with SHA68. (PMID:42029557)
- dmmr colorectal cancer outcomes after anti-PD-1 therapy were associated with biomarkers from an integrated immune-enhanced multi-omics platform. (PMID:41995725)
- colorectal cancer anti-PD-1 efficacy was potentiated by inhibiting circulating glycocholic acid-regulated signaling. (PMID:41935049)
- colorectal cancer immune evasion via DDR1 was linked to macrophage polarization and anti-PD-1 sensitization. (PMID:41962054)
Lung cancer and immune response
- non small cell lung cancer patients responding to anti-PD-1 therapy showed downregulation of Mettl8 and TCF7. (PMID:41891923)
- nsclc anti-PD-1 therapy was used in combination studies to enhance antitumor immunity. (PMID:42020516)
- immune checkpoint refractory lung cancer benefited from a triple regimen including anti-PD-1 therapy. (PMID:41651398)
- nsclc resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy was driven by KSR2-mediated glucose reprogramming. (PMID:42012646)
Combination immunotherapy and mechanism
- aav immunact synergized with anti-PD-1 therapy in humanized mice. (PMID:41917051)
- artemisinin combined with anti-PD-1 therapy to enhance immunotherapeutic efficacy in high-FGL1 tumors. (PMID:42020516)
- bgj398 synergized with anti-PD-1 therapy in preclinical models. (PMID:41786278)
- cd8 t cell responses were promoted by anti-PD-1 therapy combined with fpPRPS, improving tumor control in mice. (PMID:41998161)