2026년 4월 25일 Pubmed Today

Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have significantly advanced modern pharmaceutics by addressing limitations associated with conventional therapies, including poor solubility, rapid systemic clearance, and nonspecific drug distribution. Among various nanocarriers, liposomes remain one of th…

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading infectious cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and major diagnostic and therapeutic challenges persist despite advances in microbiologic and molecular testing. Over the past decade, molecular imaging, especially with FDG PET/CT, has transformed our underst…

Whether a pharmacological strategy can replicate the broad improvement of human cardiometabolic health associated with brown fat (BAT) remains an active area of investigation. Here, we show that adipokine Adissp activates both glucose disposal and energy expenditure within white fat, delivering plei…

백색지방을 이용해 갈색지방의 대사 이점을 모사하는 새로운 축을 제시했다는 점에서 발견 가치가 높다. 다만 현재 근거는 동물모델 중심이어서 실제 치료 표준을 바꿀 단계는 아니며, 사람에서의 재현성과 약물화 가능성이 핵심 관전 포인트이다.

Senescent cells drive ageing and age-related pathologies, including cancer. Consequently, senolytics, drugs that selectively kill senescent cells, have broad therapeutic appeal. Here we report a senolytic screen of a library of 10,480 electrophilic compounds. Among 38 identified hits, we found a sub…

센escent cell의 생존 의존성을 GPX4와 ferroptosis로 연결해 새로운 제거 전략을 제시했다. 기전적 새로움은 매우 크지만, 실제 환자 치료로 이어지려면 독성, 선택성, 약물화 가능성 검증이 더 필요하다. 암 병용치료와 노화 관련 질환 양쪽에서 파급 가능성이 있어 후속 개발 가치가 높다.

Dysfunctional autophagy, a key cellular cleaning process, is a key driver of brain ageing and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, developing effective treatments by enhancing autophagy has been challenging, as most known compounds act through the broad mTOR pathway,…

BBB 투과성과 mTOR 비의존성이라는 제약을 동시에 겨냥한 점이 의미 있다. 다만 사람 대상 효능과 안전성은 전혀 확인되지 않아 당장 치료 표준을 바꿀 수준은 아니다. 플랫폼 자체의 확장성과 후보물질의 개발 가능성을 지켜볼 만하다.

The translation of 3D multicellular systems into clinical applications has been constrained by the need to balance physiological relevance and scalability. Current biofabrication methods primarily depend on passive cell aggregation or capillary- and viscosity-limited segmentation, resulting in stoch…

표준화와 확장성이 강점인 오가노이드 제작 플랫폼으로, 정밀종양학 연구와 전임상 스크리닝 효율을 높일 잠재력이 크다. 다만 임상 효능을 직접 입증한 결과는 아니어서 환자 진료 변화보다는 연구 도구로서의 가치가 더 크다.

A significant population of chronic stroke patients urgently requires more effective therapies because of functional plateaus and limited intervention options. Intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) has been increasingly adopted in chronic-phase ischemic stroke management. However, the efficacy…

만성 뇌졸중에서 세포치료와 비침습 뇌자극을 결합해 내인성 신경줄기세포 활성과 기능 회복을 동시에 보여준 점이 핵심이다. 영장류 모델이라는 점에서 번역 가능성은 높지만, 실제 환자 효능과 안전성은 아직 확인되지 않았다.

Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) proteins play a crucial role in immune surveillance by presenting newly synthesized antigens to CD8+ T cells on the cell surface. The downregulation of MHC-I impairs antigen presentation and facilitates immune evasion in bladder cancer. O-GlcNAcylatio…

블래더암 면역회피의 새로운 조절축을 제시해 발견 가치가 높다. 다만 환자 치료를 바꿀 직접 임상 근거는 없고, 실제 약물 표적화와 안전성 검증이 남아 있다. 상업적 측면에서도 병용 면역치료 후보로서 가능성은 있으나 개발 단계는 초기이다.

Complex wounds remain a clinical challenge due to their multifaceted pathophysiology, which involves persistent inflammation, oxidative stress, tissue hypoxia, and impaired angiogenesis. To address these issues, we developed an injectable, self-healing, and conductive hydrogel based on a dual dynami…

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) of rice is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and leads to significant yield loss. The overuse of antibacterial chemicals casuse environmental toxicity, high cost, and low biosafety generating interest in eco-friendly alternatives.This study evalu…

Early blight is a major disease affecting tomato crops worldwide and poses a significant threat to tomato production. The development of novel marker systems through next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies has created unprecedented opportunities for high-throughput functional genomics research…

Methanotrophic bacteria are the primary organisms that consume atmospheric methane (CH4) and have potential to mitigate climate-active gases. However, a limited understanding of the genetic determinants of methanotrophy hinders the development of biotechnologies leveraging these unique microbes. Her…

메탄영양세균에서 기능유전체 스크리닝을 가능하게 한 점이 핵심 성과이다. 다만 현재 단계는 치료 적용과는 거리가 있고, 주로 미생물 공정과 바이오제조 플랫폼의 기반을 넓힌 수준이다. 산업적 활용 가능성은 있으나 실제 상용화까지는 추가 최적화와 스케일업 검증이 필요하다.

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a globally significant leguminous oil crop. Here we present telomere-to-telomere genome assemblies for two diploid and four tetraploid peanut varieties, resulting in high-quality reference genomes, showing that the complex activities of transposable elements, chromoso…

고품질 참조유전체와 대규모 집단 분석을 결합해 땅콩의 진화와 형질 연관 유전자를 정리한 자원성 연구이다. 임상적 파급은 없고 상업적 영향도 당장은 제한적이지만, 육종 표적과 품종개량 전략 수립에는 실질적 도움이 된다.

Keratinocyte Growth Factor (KGF) plays a crucial role in promoting epithelial cell proliferation, making it a valuable candidate for wound healing therapies. However, its instability in acidic environments limits its effectiveness in early-stage wound care. This study addresses the instability of re…

Examining early-branching animal phyla can help reconstruct the evolutionary origins of immune cells. Here, we characterize immune-related cell programs in embryos of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis, a model of Cnidaria, which diverged ~600 million years ago from other animals. Using a transg…

진화생물학과 선천면역 분야에서 의미 있는 발견이다. 다만 환자 치료나 단기 상업화와의 연결은 없고, 기초과학적 가치가 중심이다.

Kainate receptors (KARs) are critical mediators and modulators of synaptic transmission which undergo rapid activation and desensitization upon binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate. Under various physiological and pharmacological conditions agonist binding likely occurs to only a subset of subu…

카이네이트 수용체의 부분 점유 상태를 직접 보여주며 활성화와 탈감작의 단계적 전이를 설명한 점이 핵심이다. 치료 적용은 아직 멀지만, 수용체 조절 기전과 선택적 조절제 설계에 유용한 구조적 근거를 제공했다.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) persist globally as legacy pollutants with a complex structural diversity that complicates the understanding of their microbial conversion processes and remediation. In this study, high-throughput enzymatic assays, quantum chemical calculations, and machine learning …

전통적 난분해성 오염물질인 PCB의 미생물 분해 경로를 전 동족체 수준에서 정리해 기초과학적 가치가 높다. 다만 임상적 파급은 없고, 상용화도 현장 정화 기술로 이어지기까지 추가 검증과 공정 개발이 필요하다.

Dienelactone hydrolases (DLHs, EC 3.1.1.45) are bacterial enzymes primarily involved in the breakdown of cyclic esters. So far, this enzyme class is generally not well-known for PET degradation, and its potential role in plastic depolymerization remains largely unexplored. In the current study, we s…

새로운 PET 분해 효소 계열을 제시한 점에서 학술적 가치는 높다. 다만 현재 단계는 환경 미생물과 효소 기능 규명에 머물러 있어 환자 치료나 즉각적 산업 적용과는 거리가 있다. 향후 효소 활성, 안정성, 공정 적용성이 얼마나 개선되는지가 핵심이다.

Pathogens use sophisticated strategies to modulate host protein homeostasis by targeting proteolytic pathways, but their impact on protein synthesis remains elusive. We report that pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae (Pst) targets ribonucleoprotein condensates, known as processing bodies (P-bod…

숙주 번역 억제의 분자 기전을 새롭게 연결한 점이 인상적이다. 다만 식물 병원체-숙주 상호작용의 기초 연구 성격이 강해 당장 환자 치료나 산업 적용으로 이어질 가능성은 낮다. 향후 범용 스트레스 과립 조절 원리로 확장될 수 있는지가 관찰 포인트이다.

A novel high-flux polyethersulfone (PES)-based nanofiltration (NF) membrane was developed by embedding amino-functionalized N-doped hollow porous carbon spheres (N-HPCS/NH₂) for efficient treatment of beverage-industrial wastewater. The N-HPCS/NH₂ nanofiller was synthesized via a hard-…

Gastric cancer (GC) and breast cancer (BC) are among the most common malignancies worldwide, with significant mortality rates despite advances in diagnosis and treatment. Genetic variants in the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway, which plays an important role in tumor microenvironment adaptatio…

Xylanases are widely used in baking, seafood processing, and paper production, but their performance is often compromised under high-salt, acidic, or alkaline conditions, limiting broader industrial deployment. Identifying robust xylanases from saline-alkali environments is therefore of practical im…

Surface-engineered probiotics represent a promising therapeutic strategy for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, their therapeutic efficacy is often compromised by the complex pathological conditions and limited drug integration capacity. To overcome these therapeutic challenges, we developed…

Genetically encoded calcium (Ca2+) indicators (GECIs) are essential tools for monitoring neuronal activity, but the performance of red fluorescent GECIs has remained limited. In particular, many red indicators are relatively dim, produce low signal-to-noise ratios and can undergo unwanted photoswitc…

Microbial coexistence in complex communities requires mechanisms that minimize competition and optimize resource use. However, the mechanisms by which these ecological strategies are executed remain poorly understood. Here we show that bacteria modulate protein abundance in response to specific comm…

미생물 군집 내 상호작용이 단순한 환경 반응을 넘어 proteome 수준의 분업을 유도한다는 점을 잘 보여줬다. 다만 환자 치료나 제품화와의 거리는 멀고, 현재로서는 장내 미생물 생태와 시스템생물학 이해를 넓히는 기초적 의미가 크다.

뇌졸중 이후의 2차 시상 손상을 설명하는 새로운 기전을 제시해 기초·전임상 측면의 의미가 크다. 다만 환자 치료를 바꾸는 직접적 근거는 없고, 실제 개입 전략으로 이어질지 여부는 추가 연구가 필요하다.

Soybean peroxidase (SBP), a thermostable and pH-robust enzyme, holds promise as a biopolymer cross-linking agent. This study pioneers the secretory expression of SBP in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a GRAS (generally recognized as safe) microbial host. To address expression bottlenecks, a synthetic hybr…

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is an environmental threat due to its low pH and high metal content. Biological treatment of AMD using acidophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria (aSRB) represents a potential solution for this problem, but their substrate specificity and low tolerance to extreme acidity (pH &#x2…

DNA replication and transcription must be intricately coordinated as both machineries navigate the same chromatin landscape to ensure genome stability and proper cell function. Here, we show that altering their elongation rates-specifically, slowed transcriptional elongation alongside rapid replicat…

전사 속도와 복제 속도의 결합 관계를 새롭게 정리한 기초연구이다. 세포 운명 전환을 조절하는 원리를 제시해 학술적 가치는 높지만, 현재로서는 임상 적용이나 상업화와의 거리는 멀다.

Direct anaerobic fermentation of sewage sludge is often inefficient for the recovery of high-value products such as short-chain fatty acids, hydrogen, and methane, as well as for the simultaneous removal of hazardous substances like hydrogen sulfide, pathogens, and antibiotic resistance genes. Free …

Microplastics (MPs) pollution has emerged as a significant concern for human health, and their toxicological mechanisms help to better understand their potential risks. Previous studies paid main attention on the toxicity of MPs themselves, but in recent years, there has been growing awareness of th…

Different self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) were developed to improve the poor oral bioavailability of the bis(pyridine-2-carboxamidine) compound JNII40, a promising new oral antileishmanial drug….

Molybdenum disulfide materials have been extensively studied as catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and other electroreduction processes. Similar to other materials, improvements in the catalytic activity of MoS2 have been reported upon amorphization and introduction of defects, i.e….

Metastatic cancer cell dormancy, wherein disseminated cancer cells (DCCs) persist in a quiescent state before reactivating to fuel metastasis, has emerged as a critical determinant of cancer relapse. In this Review, we synthesize recent advances in understanding the microenvironmental drivers of dor…

Thermophilic cyanobacteria and microalgae have a set of coordinated structural and molecular changes that allow them to survive under elevated temperatures. All these features make are their thermostable enzymes, strong stress response systems, and high-capacity carbon-fixation systems that make the…

The embryo establishes a body plan and primes itself for organogenesis during gastrulation. As gastrulation is challenging to study in vivo, stem-cell-derived ‘gastruloids’ have emerged as powerful surrogates. Although transcriptomics and imaging have been applied extensively to such embryo models, …

Astroglia, an extended class of homeostatic and defensive cells of the central nervous system (CNS), contribute to the pathogenesis of all known neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. The pathophysiology of astrocytes is complex, mutable, disease and disease-stage specific. In neuroinflammator…

Research Highlight: Ponchon, A., Choquet, R., Martins, A., Ruiz-Miranda, C., Albert, C., & Romano, V. (2026). Yellow fever outbreak temporarily changes dispersal patterns in an endangered primate. Journal of Animal Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.70250. Infectious diseases can be driv…

PMTR1 is essential for melatonin-improved plant broad-spectrum disease resistance to bacterial pathogens and viruses. Melatonin plays vital roles in various plant stress responses, and the identification of phytomelatonin receptor 1 (PMTR1) in recent decades further extends the phytomelatonin signal…

Transmission of extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing (ESBL) Escherichia coli from meat and meat by-products to humans has emerged as a major public health issue, requiring a One Health framework to address this menace. Hence, we investigated the phylotypes, antimicrobial resistance profile…

One of the world’s most important scientific challenges is addressing the global food crisis. Products offering potential health benefits, including various supplements with protective properties, have become a priority. Vitamin E is among the compounds gaining increasing attention from consumers. I…

Single-cell omics technologies have transformed our understanding of cellular diversity by enabling high-resolution profiling of individual cells. However, the unprecedented scale and heterogeneity of these datasets demand robust frameworks for data integration and annotation. The Cell Ontology (CL)…

The growing demand for sustainable, high-quality protein sources is driving the development of novel foods. In this study, the underexplored combination of surplus bread crusts (BC), a major source of food waste, and perennial ryegrass (PRG), a traditional forage crop with underexploited potential f…

Bacteria adjust their metabolism to the cellular energy state. AMP-forming acetyl-CoA-synthetase AcsA generates acetyl-CoA from acetate, ATP and CoA. In Bacilli, including Bacillus subtilis and Geobacillus stearothermophilus, AcsA is reversely transcribed upstream of the acu-operon encoding for the …

Engineered three-dimensional (3D) neural constructs hold significant promise for repairing neural tissue damage and recapitulating the human brain in vitro for disease modeling and drug screening applications. However, most current 3D neural models, including freestanding organoids and dense bioprin…

While copper is an essential redox cofactor, excess copper, particularly Cu(I), is highly toxic and therefore requires precise control of metal speciation in the bacterial periplasm. CopI is a cupredoxin-like protein implicated in copper tolerance under microaerobic conditions and contains multiple …

Iron (Fe) deficiency significantly constrains maize productivity and nutritional quality, particularly in alkaline soils. To address this challenge, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using the BLINK model on 93 diverse maize inbred lines genotyped with 230,657 SNPs. Eight morpholo…

Due to changes in temperature and precipitation patterns, aquatic and semi-aquatic plant species are seriously threatened by climate change. This study evaluated how Marsilea minuta L., a small aquatic fern found in tropical and subtropical wetlands, would be affected by climate change across geogra…

Due to the structural complexity of the crustacean digestive system, this study characterizes the three-dimensional (3D) morphology and histology of the juvenile Penaeus vannamei alimentary tract using synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SR-XTM) and H&E staining. SR-XTM volumetri…

Oxygenic phototrophs fix CO2 via the enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO), which shows relatively low CO2 affinity and specificity. To circumvent low and fluctuating CO2 concentrations in aquatic systems, cyanobacteria and algae have evolved sophisticated inorganic carbon…

Tomato leaf curl Palampur virus (ToLCPalV), a bipartite begomovirus first reported in Himachal Pradesh, India, has emerged as a major phytopathological threat to tomato and cucurbit cultivation across South Asia and the Middle East. Characterized by its high genetic adaptability and efficient whitef…

Successful hybrid seed production in pepper depends strongly on the stress sensitivity of reproductive processes, particularly pollen function and flower retention. Integrating physiological understanding of pollen biology, hormonal regulation of abscission, and targeted environmental and genetic in…

Advances in microscopy and bioimage analysis are enabling unprecedented quantitative observation of dynamic biological systems. Smart microscopy closes the loop by feeding back image-derived information to control image acquisition on the fly, paving the way for increasingly autonomous and sophistic…

Fatty acids (FAs) are essential for cellular growth and homeostasis; however, their excessive accumulation induces lipotoxicity. To prevent FA-induced damage, eukaryotic cells sequester surplus FAs within cytosolic lipid droplets (LDs), dynamic organelles central to lipid storage, metabolism, and si…

The application of traditional vitamin C (VC) and sodium acetate (SA) in aquafeeds is hampered by significant limitations. VC suffers from poor stability during feed processing and storage, as well as low bioavailability. SA is highly hygroscopic, thermally unstable, and rapidly absorbed, leading to…

To address the delayed heating and insufficient thermophilic phase caused by early mass transfer limitations and local oxygen shortage in aerobic composting, this study investigated the impacts of electric field intervention on the microbial ecological network and functional phenotypes. Composting e…