2026년 4월 15일 Pubmed Today

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) remain a major concern in medication safety. Although advanced artificial intelligence methods such as deep learning have improved DDI prediction, their adoption is limited by the need for specialized expertise and complex model development. This study introduces the fi…

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection remains a major global health challenge, yet the mechanisms underlying strain-specific innate immune responses are poorly understood. Here, we show that distinct HSV-1 strains differentially activate the absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome. The HF s…

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are essential for cellular processes and play central roles in disease mechanisms, making them important therapeutic targets. This review explores how integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) with traditional experimental approaches has adva…

The SARS-CoV-2 3-chymotrypsin-like (3CLpro) protease is a key target for the development of COVID-19 therapeutics. While ensitrelvir and nirmatrelvir are approved drugs for treatment, the continuous research and development for new antiviral drugs is necessary to combat the emergence of variants and…

Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most common developmental human genetic disorders and is due to triplication of chromosome 21 (HSA21). Although previous studies using epigenetic suppression of HSA21 by the long noncoding RNA XIST showed a potential for DS treatment, integration efficiency of XIST b…

Analysis of proteins is key to understanding biological processes, disease pathogenesis, and advancing therapeutic development. However, proteome profiling remains significantly limited when compared to the exponential growth of single-cell RNA sequencing data, owing to technical challenges and proh…

Biomarker research relies on venous blood sampling, which demands trained professionals and proper sample handling, presenting challenges for both rural health care providers and large-scale studies. This study aims to investigate the use of dried blood spots (DBS) as a minimally invasive, patient-c…

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains among the deadliest malignancies, driven by its invasive nature and lack of effective biomarkers. Disruption of the epithelial barrier, mediated by tight junction components, is a critical yet underexplored contributor to PDAC progression. Claudins, in…

Alzheimer’s disease exhibits considerable heterogeneity in its clinical progression, neuropathological features, and underlying etiological mechanisms. However, current clinical diagnosis and treatment primarily rely on positron emission tomography and evidence-based cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, …

Integrating high-dimensional multi-omics data is essential for uncovering the coordinated molecular mechanisms underlying cancer progression and improving survival prediction. DNA methylation and mRNA expression represent two tightly coupled regulatory layers; however, many existing approaches eithe…

Short-term activation of natural killer (NK) cells with interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-15, and IL-18 (IL-12/15/18) gives rise to cytokine-induced memory-like (CIML) NK cells after adoptive transfer, which exhibit enhanced antitumor activity, proliferation, and persistence. Clinical trials in high-risk l…

Emerging long-term data indicate relapse rates of >50% after CD19-redirected chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). To reduce selective pressure on the CD19 antigen, we conducted a first-in-human phase 1 clinical trial o…

CAR-T therapy is rapidly reshaping the treatment paradigm of multiple myeloma (MM). At the 2025 ASH Annual Meeting, pivotal trials demonstrated marked efficacy across both relapsed/refractory and newly diagnosed settings. In KarMMa-3, a subgroup analysis of older patients (≥ 70 years) …

Immune checkpoint blockade therapy, represented by CTLA-4 inhibitors like ipilimumab, faces limited clinical efficacy due to tumor immune evasion and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Particularly, metabolic reprogramming driven by hypoxia and the Warburg effect establishes an immunosupp…

Cytokines are a class of secreted proteins that transmit critical signals between cells to maintain homeostatic balance, coordinating processes such as proliferation, migration, polarization, and survival. Cytokines play a particularly important role in regulating the immune system through activatio…

Following administration of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, extensive long-term follow-up (LTFU) requirements and complex data collection processes have posed significant challenges for patients and providers. To reassess whether a 15-year LTFU period remains scientifically justified…

Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors significantly improve outcomes in multiple malignancies; however, they can induce immune-related endocrine adverse events, such as secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI), a rare but potentially severe complication. We aimed t…

Cervical cancer is predominantly caused by infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). Prevention efforts rely on vaccination and cervical screening. This study aimed to determine HPV vaccination and in-date cervical screening rates among women seeking abortion to determine whether this car…

Sentinel cells in the innate immune system decode combinations of pathogen-associated molecular patterns to shape immune responses, presenting an exploitable feature for vaccine adjuvants and cancer immunotherapies. Delivering innate immune agonists can direct responses toward patient-specific tumou…

CD8+ T lymphocytes differentiate from effector to memory cells after antigen clearance, with prolonged IL-2 production characterizing functional cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). To identify transcription factors associated with sustained IL-2 production, we compared influenza virus-specific and cytom…

Immune checkpoint-based immunotherapy has become a central strategy for treating solid tumors by restoring endogenous antitumor immunity. However, clinical responses remain limited and highly variable across patients and tumor types because co-existing inhibitory pathways are engaged to different ex…

Nearly 81,000 new cases of renal cell carcinoma are expected to be diagnosed in 2025, with more than one-third of patients presenting with or eventually developing metastatic disease. Some patients develop oligoprogressive disease, defined by limited metastatic progression….

Given the distinct roles of VISTA in immune regulation, a better visualization of VISTA expression could clarify the tumor immune status and predict the responses to immunotherapy. However, only a few targeted probes are in development and insufficient to fulfill clinical demands. In this study, bas…

The mechanism by which immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) cause immune-mediated liver injury is unclear. In 2017, the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) published guidelines for managing immunotherapy toxicity. This article aims to compile clinical approaches to cases of hepatotoxicity assoc…

Immune evasion limits the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, yet the metabolic basis underlying differential immune sensitivity remains poorly explored. Here, we established an integrated platform that couples mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) with a patient-derived tumor organoid/immune cell coculture…

The hallmark of ERCC6L2 disease (ED) is a highly penetrant progression from bone marrow failure to erythroid-predominant, TP53-mutated myeloid malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) remains the only potentially curative option, but concerns exist reg…

The success of posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis has driven efforts to optimize partner therapies that balance GVHD and relapse prevention. We report phase 1 dose-finding results of PTCy, sirolimus (SIR), and VIC-1911, a selective oral Aurora kin…

Follicular lymphoma with progression of disease within 24 months (POD24) is associated with poor prognosis and represents clinical challenges. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and pooled analysis of patients with POD24. Twenty-one trials involving 1242 participants were included, assessin…

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a recognized contributor to cognitive decline, but the biological mechanisms by which circadian rhythms mediate short-term PM2.5 exposure remain unclear. Using data from the Guangxi Eco-Environmental Health and Aging Study (GEHAS), which included 3554 observations …

Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) is a natural curcuminoid with higher solubility and stability than curcumin, yet its potential role in lifespan and healthspan regulation remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of BDMC on lifespan and healthspan in Caenorhabditis elegans (…

Transmembrane β-barrel outer membrane proteins or OMPs are specialized molecular gatekeepers embedded in the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplast. These proteins orchestrate a wide spectrum of biological functions, serving as (i) sensors transferring signals…

In pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pAML) relapse/refractory (R/R) disease occurs frequently, but underlying mechanisms are unclear and effective second-line therapeutic options remain limited. Although genomic characterization has advanced targeted treatments, their clinical implementation, partic…

Several lines of evidence suggest that targeting dysfunctional calcium (Ca2+)-storing organelles and their defective connections may represent a promising therapeutic strategy counteracting neurodegeneration. Dysfunction in these compartments converges to promote oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum …